28.4.09

What you need to know about swine flu豬流感疫情


如何防範豬流感?1. 若出現不適症狀如感冒、傷風等,應第一時間看醫生。2. 使用紙巾後不要隨意亂丟。3. 勤於洗手,並且勿與人握手、親嘴。4. 遠離公共場合。

甚麼是豬流感?
一種奇特的混合體。
包含人流感病毒、禽流感病毒和豬流感病毒特徵。
此病毒是通過人傳人,主要受感染者是年輕人。
染病者最初出現類似普通流感症狀,包括發燒、咳嗽、喉嚨痛、氣促、肌肉和關節疼痛,在5天內會惡化成嚴重呼吸道疾病。

豬流感問與答問:不接觸疑似流感症狀患者,就不會染豬流感?答:是的,但因豬流感患者在發病前一天到發病後7天都有傳染力,旁人可能在無症狀下遭感染。

世衛4級警告,豬流感可能透過人傳人,隨時會全球大爆發!第1級:人類感染風險低第2級:人類感染風險高第3級:不存在或者只存在極為有限的人傳人風險第4級:有證據顯示人傳人風險增加第5級:有證據顯示病毒明顯具人傳人性質第6級:.流行病病毒有效地且持續性地具人傳人性質



By LAURAN NEERGAARD, AP Medical Writer - Mon Apr 27, 1:41 PM PDT
WASHINGTON - A never-before-seen strain of swine flu has turned killer in Mexico and is causing milder illness in the United States and elsewhere. While authorities say it's not time to panic, they are taking steps to stem the spread and also urging people to pay close attention to the latest health warnings and take their own precautions.
WHO ups pandemic alert as Mexico flu deaths climb (AP)
NYC mayor says 28 swine flu cases from 1 school (AP)
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"Individuals have a key role to play," Dr. Richard Besser, acting chief of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said Monday.
Here's what you need to know:
Q: How do I protect myself and my family?
A: For now, take commonsense precautions. Cover your coughs and sneezes, with a tissue that you throw away or by sneezing into your elbow rather than your hand. Wash hands frequently; if soap and water aren't available, hand gels can substitute. Stay home if you're sick and keep children home from school if they are.
Q: How easy is it to catch this virus?
A: Scientists don't yet know if it takes fairly close or prolonged contact with someone who's sick, or if it's more easily spread. But in general, flu viruses spread through uncovered coughs and sneezes or — and this is important — by touching your mouth or nose with unwashed hands. Flu viruses can live on surfaces for several hours, like a doorknob just touched by someone who sneezed into his hand.
Q: In Mexico, officials are handing out face masks. Do I need one?
A: The CDC says there's not good evidence that masks really help outside of health care settings. It's safer just to avoid close contact with someone who's sick and avoid crowded gatherings in places where swine flu is known to be spreading. But if you can't do that, CDC guidelines say it's OK to consider a mask — just don't let it substitute for good precautions.
Q: Is swine flu treatable?
A: Yes, with the flu drugs Tamiflu or Relenza, but not with two older flu medications.
Q: Is there enough?
A: Yes. The federal government has stockpiled enough of the drugs to treat 50 million people, and many states have additional stocks. As a precaution, the CDC has shipped a quarter of that supply to the states to keep on hand just in case the virus starts spreading more than it has so far.
Q: Should I take Tamiflu as a precaution if I'm not sick yet?
A: No. "What are you going to do with it, use it when you get a sniffle?" asks Dr. Marc Siegel of New York University Langone Medical Center and author of "Bird Flu: Everything you Need To Know About The Next Pandemic." Overusing antiviral drugs can help germs become resistant to them.
Q: How big is my risk?
A: For most people, very low. Outside of Mexico, so far clusters of illnesses seem related to Mexican travel. New York City's cluster, for instance, consists of students and family members at one school where some students came back ill from spring break in Mexico.
Q: Why are people dying in Mexico and not here?
A: That's a mystery. First, understand that no one really knows just how many people in Mexico are dying of this flu strain, or how many have it. Only a fraction of the suspected deaths have been tested and confirmed as swine flu, and some initially suspected cases were caused by something else.
Q: Should I cancel my planned trip to Mexico?
A: The U.S. did issue a travel advisory Monday discouraging nonessential travel there.
Q: What else is the U.S., or anyone else, doing to try to stop this virus?
A: The U.S. is beginning limited screening of travelers from Mexico, so that the obviously sick can be sent for treatment. Other governments have issued their own travel warnings and restrictions. Mexico is taking the biggest steps, closings that limit most crowded gatherings. In the U.S., communities with clusters of illness also may limit contact — New York closed the affected school for a few days, for example — so stay tuned to hear if your area eventually is affected.
Q: What are the symptoms?
A: They're similar to regular human flu — a fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people also have diarrhea and vomiting.
Q: How do I know if I should see a doctor? Maybe my symptoms are from something else — like pollen?
A: Health authorities say if you live in places where swine flu cases have been confirmed, or you recently traveled to Mexico, and you have flulike symptoms, ask your doctor if you need treatment or to be tested. Allergies won't cause a fever. And run-of-the-mill stomach bugs won't be accompanied by respiratory symptoms, notes Dr. Wayne Reynolds of Newport News, Va., spokesman for the American Academy of Family Physicians.
Q: Is there a vaccine to prevent this new infection?
A: No. And CDC's initial testing suggests that last winter's flu shot didn't offer any cross-protection.
Q: How long would it take to produce a vaccine?
A: A few months. The CDC has created what's called "seed stock" of the new virus that manufacturers would need to start production. But the government hasn't yet decided if the outbreak is bad enough to order that.
Q: What is swine flu?
A: Pigs spread their own strains of influenza and every so often people catch one, usually after contact with the animals. This new strain is a mix of pig viruses with some human and bird viruses. Unlike more typical swine flu, it is spreading person-to-person. A 1976 outbreak of another unusual swine flu at Fort Dix, N.J., prompted a problematic mass vaccination campaign, but that time the flu fizzled out.
Q: So is it safe to eat pork?
A: Yes. Swine influenza viruses don't spread through food.
Q: And whatever happened to bird flu? Wasn't that supposed to be the next pandemic?
A: Specialists have long warned that the issue is a never-before-seen strain that people have little if any natural immunity to, regardless of whether it seems to originate from a bird or a pig. Bird flu hasn't gone away; scientists are tracking it, too.
___
EDITOR's NOTE — Lauran Neergaard covers health and medical issues for The Associated Press in Washington.
On the Net:
U.S. government flu info: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/ap/ap_on_he_me/storytext/med_healthbeat_swine_flu_q_a/31808555/SIG=11bl2ub2c/*http:/www.hhs.gov/web/library/index.html

21.4.09

西加之旅-April 2009

16042009-20042009 是 神给我们七人,

美兰,利平,鸿宇,牧师,明义,彪其,志强

的机会前往印尼西加体验短宣,

神同样的也给晋圣堂全体会友机会在多方面的参与。

这一次的体验让我们成长了不少,

对当地的宣教士(兰娟和2位来自耶城的夫妇)

认识及感情上(常常在祷告上)增加了许多。

感谢神给我们机会成长及祝福其他的人。

美兰-我感恩,让我看见神的大工场

利平-让我学习付出

彪其-神用我这看来无用的INSTRUMENT

明义-感谢神让我有机会事奉

牧师-神使我经历

鸿宇-神让我服事儿童

志强-好像爱上了这一片土地


16042009-出发前将一切交给神 SARAWAK 与 INDONESIA 的边界-TEBEDU 这可发达了。。。。
路上的情况
在NYABANG(印尼) 吃午餐
我们站在地球的中心-PONTIANAKPONTIANAK MALL 吃晚餐17042009-走入PONTIANAK MARKET 坤甸SULTAN 王宫 (1717年完建)

拜访坤甸西加教会,访谈当地教会与政府的关系

从坤甸去三口洋路上的路边摊 您想坐上来吗? (这可说是当地的小BUS)
三口洋的水果 (1kg 4000 Rupiah)

KOPISAN 的小学生来尝一尝KOPISAN- 三口洋的KOPI

KOPISAN 的疏菜
KOPISAN 农民的屋子

KOPISAN 的学生放学回家
陈兰娟宣教士在KOPISAN 的补习中心/住家 (白衣的那一位)与宣教士一席谈
KOPISAN 的儿童们。可说全是客家人,但印尼语为官方语言
儿童非常的开心,大家来张合照 大家在玩KAT KAT PUI (红衣那位是当地师母)
经过三个小时的主日学大家非常不捨的回家 队员们与兰娟宣教士及一对来自JAKARTA 的夫妇(BUK,PAK)享用晚餐
三口洋的生活

三口洋街上清洁工人
在三口洋的早餐
午餐来个牛肉麺
下午再来个三口洋的ROJAK!!!!
来个本地水果凉一凉

本地尝完外地的KFC 也来一个
开玩笑的啦!你以为我们是垃圾桶啊。

但是为了清凉一点,来口西瓜是一定的。AM。。。。

椰子水也要

这也不错。。

三口洋卫理公会
与当地会友合照

三口洋的主日学
这里的儿童非常的独立
6岁儿童带2岁的妹妹来主日学



ANAK-ANAK SEMUA,SAYA MAHU CERITAKAN CERITA YESUS KRISTUS


来跳舞赞美神



孩童们非常独立


我们队伍的小成员 (小可爱)
合照

WAH 好像明星
原来这是学校的要求。证道者必需留下签名

牧师代表本堂送“礼”给PASTOR EDY

证道 - MEMBAWA ORANG KE RUMAH TUHAN

美兰见证-“我的得救见证”

参与青少团的聚会-以学生为主

团契聚会
三口洋 PASIR PANJANG

BORNEO 的另一面